Improvement in tar and petroleum burners



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IMPROVEMENT IN TAR AND PETROLEUM BURNERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 140,465, dated July l,183; application led May 8, 1873.

' the following is a specification This invention relates to anapparatus for atomizing tar and crude petroleum, and supplying oxygenthereto by means of steam, so as to facilitate or render practicable theburnin g of these materials as fuel in furnaces. Various patterns ofburners for this purpose have been devised. The objects of thisinvention are, first, to insure the union of the tar and steam in properfixed proportion; second, to properly mingle the same in a simplestraight nozzle; third, to provide for the support of the heavier tarparticles by the steam until they are consumed; and thus to secure amore perfect combustion, and more heat from a given quantity oftar thanhasheretofore been accomplished. The invention consists in a very simpleform of burner or atomizer having a horizontal, or nearly horizontal,steam-passage, an

v inclined tar-passage entering the former at top and toward the outlet,and a nozzle extending from the junction in line with the steam-passage,or nearly so, the same being made of certain-xed relative proportions,as hereinafter set forth.

Figure l is a side elevation of a tar-burner constructed according tothis invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same.

Referring to the drawing,A B represent two castings, of brass or othersuitable metal, united by a screw-joint, z, and constitutin gthe burn erproper. C represents a collar for the end of a tar-pipel yrepresents aconical extension of this nozzle, and a conical cavity in the burner toreceive the same to form a tight joint. D represents a screwnut,swiveled to the collar C and engaging with a threaded neck, zo, on

the burner, within which the cavity is concentrically formed. crepresents a threaded socket, to receive the end of a steam-pipe.

The casting B constitutes an adjustable and changeable nozzle, which isconsidered desir able, but not essential. If preferred the burner may bereadil-y cast in one piece. t represents the effective tar-passage; s,the effective steam-passage; and n, the nozzle bore. These bores shouldeach be of uniform diameter throughout Without taper or flare. t2 t2 ands4 s3 s2 represent boresections, successively contracting the tar andsteam columns to the diameters of the effective passages.

,',Io insure the union of the tar and steam in proper fixed proportions,and so as to cause the tar to be perfectly atomized as proposed, certainrelative sizes of passage, and size and length of nozzle bore, are foundto be essential, namely, in a burner for a twenty-live to fiftyhorsepower steam-boiler furnace the diameter for tar-passage t isthree-sixteenths inch 5 steam-passage s (one-third less) oneeightllinch; nozzle bore u (equal in capacity to the two passages, or nearlyso,) one-quarter or flve-sixteenths inch; and the length for nozzle boreis two inches, or less. For larger or smaller burners the measurementsshould be increased or diminished in the same relative proportions.

To provide for supporting the tar or oil in the furnace so as to securethe combustion of all the particles before they can fall, thesteampassage s and the nozzle bore n are arranged horizontally and inline, or nearly so, and the tar-passage t opens into this line at top,so as to cause the steam to receive the tar or oil as in a trough, andcorrespondingly to issue chiefly at the bottom of the jet, so as tocarry up- Ward and support the tar particles in the furnace. Theseinfinitesimal tar particles, becoming ignited and supplied with oxygenby the steam, create au intense heat, and a perfect combustion of thesteam as 'well as the tar results, the steam being present in properlylimited quantity, and its temperature retained and increased to therequisite extent by the `burning of the tar particles.

It will be observed that the objects of the improved burner are, first,to admit the tar and steam iu proper relative proportions; second, tothoroughly mingle the same, but without attempt to vaporize the tar;third, to freely discharge the same in minute particles or atoms;fourth, to insure the support of the tar particles in the furnace untilthey are consumed.

The peculiar nozzle bore n is a primary and essential feature of theconstruction, by Which the most important of these objects, namely,

the second and third, and the successful operation of the burner,generally considered, are secured. The length of the bore insures theproper commingling of the steam and tar, while the relative size andshape of the bore preclude any retardin g effect or back pressure.

The idea of burning mingled tar or oil and steam, and the combination ina burner of tar and steam passages, and a nozzle common to both areknown to be old, and are disclaimed.

I am aware ofthe apparatus for vaporizing and burning hydrocarbons,subject-matter of patent No. 127,723, issued June l1, 1872, to Samuel J.Whiting, and hereby disclaim any feature of my atomizer which may appearto be included therein.

The following is claimed as new, namely:

The atomizer for burning tar or petroleum, comprising a tar-passage, t,a steam-passage, s, and a nozzle bore, n, in which these unite, thelatter being equal, or nearly equal, in capacity to the two passages,and of uniform diameter throughout, and of vsuitable relative length, asherein described, for the objects set forth.

JAMES BURNS.

Witnesses y EDWARD MEEK, HENRY VIVIAN.

